History

HIST 5003. Advanced Readings Modern Europe. (4 Credits)

This course surveys current research in the field of modern European history with emphasis on the 19th and 20th centuries. The reading and discussion will focus on interpretive debates in the intellectual, cultural, and social history of the era. Assignments will be drawn from recent scholarship as well as from classic studies in these fields, and will look critically at social issues, the arrival of new cultural forms, mass culture, and intellectual life from a historical perspective. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

HIST 5004. Advanced Readings: Early America Amidst Global Conflict. (4 Credits)

This graduate readings course will provide students with an introduction to the historiography of early America from contact through the era of revolutions. Major themes include the contestations and connections among geographic areas, including people of European, Indigenous, and African descent; the everyday experiences of work across the lines of race, class, and gender; and the rise and fall of continental and Atlantic empires. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

HIST 5100. Disasters, Planning and Prediction in Global History. (4 Credits)

By considering disasters and the regimes of planning and prediction that have been used to prevent and manage them, this course examines the historical interplay between modes of human agency and the perceived “push back” of the phenomenal world. We will also explore how understandings of disasters and control have shaped historical narratives. Students will engage environmental history, urban history, religious studies, the history of science and technology, and material culture. Topics will cover a wide range of geographic areas from the early modern to contemporary periods. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5102. Archives and Narratives of Global History. (4 Credits)

This course investigates the relationship between global history and particular forms of knowledge production. We will discuss classic and cutting-edge scholarship on the archives and how scholars have grappled with its possibilities and limitations. We will also consider how different ways of narrating history can attend to the silences and revelations of our sources. The interdisciplinary group of authors whose work we will discuss may include Shahid Amin, Natalie Zemon Davis, Brent Edwards, Saidiya Hartman, Lisa Lowe, Carina Ray, Ann Laura Stoler, and Zeb Tortorici. Students will also create their own research projects over the course of the semester.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH, MVSG.

HIST 5105. The Black Radical Tradition in Comparative Perspective: U.S. and the Caribbean. (4 Credits)

This course explores the long history of black radicalism through a comparison of the United States and the caribbean as centers of revolutionary movements that engaged problems of democracy, racism and citizenship in the global black diaspora.

Attributes: CEED, CENS, HGGH, HGMH, PSRR.

HIST 5200. Renaissance Spain: Festive Republics, Rights, Liberties and Inquisitions. (4 Credits)

Renaissance era Christians in Castile, the great central region of the Iberian Peninsula that forms the core of modern Spain, were guaranteed their rights and liberties as citizens of city-republics through written charters. These city-republics sent delegates to the Cortes, the representative assembly that consulted with the King. Collective life in the cities, whether confraternities celebrating their saints, or open town council meetings of all citizens, created the corpus mysticum of the commonwealth that for Spaniards was the city. This seminar examines urbanism, collective public life, and the growth of the modern state in Renaissance Spain through topics such as: the influence of Islam on Iberian cities, conflict between cities and crown, confraternities and saints' celebrations, public welfare, the creation of the archive, and religious minorities and the inquisition.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5201. The Renaissance of the Twelfth Century. (4 Credits)

This seminar will explore the history and historiography of one of medieval Europe's most intellectually fertile and creative period, the so-called renaissance of the twelfth century. Particular attention will be given to the historical construction of this period and how it was changed, and continues to change, amid the discovery and editing of new texts, more nuanced categories of historical analysis, and new advances in interdisciplinary research. Students will be expected to give presentations on both primary and secondary sources over the course of the semester. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGVH.

HIST 5202. Medieval Interfaith Relations. (4 Credits)

Interfaith relations are today a valuable and potentially urgent category of historical analysis. This seminar explores relations among Christians, Muslims, and Jews across Europe and the Mediterranean from early medieval papal policy to rise of the Ottoman Turks, with a particular focus on religion, intellectual, and cultural instances of interfaith conflict and coexistence. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 5203. Medieval Hagiography. (4 Credits)

This research seminar introduces students to the challenges and pitfalls of using saints' lives and other hagiographical writings (miracula, furta sacra, etc.) as sources for medieval history. It aims to familiarize students with competing historical approaches to these genres and to provide a practical guide to the scholarly resources necessary to exploit them as historical sources. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 5204. Medieval Environmental History. (4 Credits)

This seminar is intended to familiarize graduate students with current themes and trends in medieval environmental history. Weekly reading assignments comprise historical monographs and scholarly articles in English. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGVH, MVST, PSEV.

HIST 5205. The Fall of the Roman Empire. (4 Credits)

This graduate seminar introduces students to the historiographical paradigm of the "decline and fall" of the Roman Empire and examines modern responses to it. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

HIST 5206. Carolingian Europe. (4 Credits)

This seminar will examine the history of Carolingian Europe from its inception in the early eighth century to the end of the first millennium through the lens of recent historiography. Topics include legitimacy and royal authority, historical writings, religious and educational reform, diplomacy with Byzantine and Islamic principalities, the survival of classical literature, manuscript culture, and the problem of periodization. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

HIST 5214. Women and Gender in Medicine in Europe and North America. (4 Credits)

The period between the Renaissance and the French Revolution (roughly 1450 to 1800) witnessed an explosion of ideas about the natural world, especially the human body. Some of them were new, but many others were a reinvigoration and repackaging of older ideas about generation and sexual difference from the classical world. Within this context, men and women of varying ranks participated in the generation of knowledge about the body, with concerns that spanned the medicinal attributes of plants and animals from the New World to the processes of reproduction. Yet these two developments—the explosion of knowledge about the body and a parade of new participants investigating and healing it—did not occur in an isolated bubble of science. They took place alongside European expansion; the dispossession of Native Americans; the growth and rationalization of slavery as a labor regime; the birth of new institutions of science and learning that replaced more traditional venues for the creation and transmission of knowledge; civil wars and revolutions that challenged patriarchy, the growth of capitalism, and the institution of slavery. These major historical changes involved questions about reproduction (of the labor force), women’s bodies, women’s medical authority, and the value of carework. Modernity proceeded through the body. This course explores the place of women as healthcare providers and interpreters of the body in this period. Simultaneously, it probes how ideas about gender, sexual difference, and race emerged in this period of cataclysmic change. As a graduate reading seminar, the course will focus on reading and discussion of secondary scholarship on these topics. Assignments will include in-class presentations on select readings, and a final seminar paper. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGSM.

HIST 5220. (Re)Making World Order, 1800-1950: National, International, Transnational. (4 Credits)

The course explores the ways in which Europeans and Americans imagined and organized the supranational world. It will consider the ways in which nations were imagined to relate to one another, with particular attention to the intellectual traditions of realism and progressive internationalism, and the structures of empire and international law. The course will also explore the ways in which states were embedded in transnational networks—cultural, social and economic—that shaped and limited state action, as well as efforts to regulate and control those networks. This will include transnational constructions of race and efforts to control international capital flows. The goal will be to critically engage with multiple interpretive traditions of international and transnational order. Readings will include works by Susan Pederson, Mathew Spector, Patricia Clavin, Mark Mazower, Marilyn Lake, Patrick Cohr, and Nicholas Mulder. Shorter selections from Leopold von Ranke, W.E.B. DuBois, Robert Cecil, and Carl Schmitt. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

HIST 5290. Luther and Reformation. (4 Credits)

October 31, 2017 marks the 500th anniversary of one of the great cultural movements that shook the History of the world: the release of Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses. Lither disturbed the political, social, and religious structures of Western Europe. Until his death in 1546, he challenged the papacy, the Catholic Church, the Holy Roman Empire, and Henry VIII. The Reformation he began both inspired and outraged. It represented the triumph of technology through the printing press. After Luther, nothing was exactly the same ever again. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5300. History Theory and Methods: The Historian's Tools. (4 Credits)

This course will introduce students to a range of intellectual traditions informing historical analysis and writing. Students will study major social thinkers and how historians have grappled with the implications of their ideas. The course aims to develop essential skills as professional readers, analysts researchers and writers. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGMH, HGPS.

HIST 5302. Theory and Method in Intellectual and Cultural History. (4 Credits)

This course offers a broad overview of the theories and methods that have shaped intellectual and cultural history over the past 50 years among English-speaking historians. The course begins with the classic history of ideas approach that emerged after the Second World War and moves on to consider the influences of social history, cultural anthropology, critical theory, post-modernism, gender studies, and queer theory. The course will focus primarily on studies of the intellectual and cultural history of the Atlantic world, with a strong emphasis on North America and the British Isles. When appropriate, we will dip into the works of scholars working on early modern France and Italy. Works by the following scholars are among those we will examine over the course of the term: Bernard Bailyn, Robert Darnton, Natalie Zemon Davis, Carlo Ginzburg, Stephen Greenblatt, Perry Miller, J.G.A. Pocock, Joan Scott, Keith Thomas, E.P. Thompson, and Michael Warner. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5310. Occitania: Language and Power. (4 Credits)

This team-taught interdisciplinary course introduces students to the cultural world of a medieval "south": Occitania, a region defined by language stretching from the foothills of the Alps to the pathways across the Pyrenees and from the Mediterranean almost to the Loire. Students will study the Old Occitan language and its manifestations in documentary writing, historical narrative, and the poetry of the troubadours from the eleventh until the thirteenth centuries. In order to best understand the context for this literature, course topics will include urban and rural communities, gender and power, the Albigensian crusade and its aftermath, and the beginning of vernacular book production.

Attribute: HGVH.

HIST 5400. Gender and History. (4 Credits)

Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH, PSJH.

HIST 5401. Gender and Sexuality in Modern European History. (4 Credits)

This seminar will consider various approaches to the study of gender and sexuality in modern European history. Together, we will work through a combination of theoretical texts, canonical historical monographs, novels, life writings, and recent essays in the field. For many of our sessions, we’ll consider a particular historiographical debate in tandem with writings, associated with this debate, that address a distinct historical period or problem. So, for example, we’ll read Joan Scott’s critique of E.P. Thompson in "Gender and the Politics of History" alongside Anna Clark’s "The Struggle for the Breeches," a monograph that focuses on gender and labor in early 19th-century Britain. In a similar vein, we’ll consider recent theoretical works in trans studies alongside histories of interwar sexology and analyses of post-1968 Italian trans-feminist movements. Other sessions will juxtapose a work of literature with writings that situate historically this primary source. Along these lines, we’ll read Mrinalini Sinha’s "Specters of Mother India" alongside excerpts from Katherine Mayo’s 1927 book; or we’ll consider Shelagh Delaney’s "A Taste of Honey" in conjunction with Hazel Carby’s 2019 memoir, "Imperial Intimacies," and with recent essays on race and sexuality in post-WWII Britain. In addition to the authors listed above, we’ll engage with the writings of Denise Riley, Dagmar Herzog, Wendy Goldman, Carolyn Steedman, Susan Pedersen, Stella Dadzie, Judith Butler, Ann Laura Stoler, Dvoyre Fogel, Charlotte Delbo, Monique Truong, Matt Houlbrook, Nadia Ellis, and Simone de Beauvoir. Assignments will include in-class presentations on select readings, and a final seminar paper. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5403. The British Empire. (4 Credits)

This course examines the history and historiography of the British Empire and decolonization from the 16th to the 20th centuries. We will look at specific case studies, including Ireland, India, Jamaica, and South Africa, to explore both a typology and chronology of empire as well as the more detailed interaction between metropole and periphery. We will also take a more general and critical look at explanatory metanarratives of empire such as postcolonial theory. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5405. Modern Ireland 1690-1923. (4 Credits)

Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5410. Race and Gender in Modern America. (4 Credits)

Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGMH, PMMA, PSRR.

HIST 5411. Gender and Sexuality in Early America. (4 Credits)

Readings in the history of gender and sexuality discourse in Early America and the British Atlantic world of the 17th nad 18th centuries. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGMH, PSJH.

HIST 5420. Sin, Crime and Sex in History. (4 Credits)

Sin and forgiveness were at the heart of the Christian message. In European tradition, sin and crime were closely related. This course examines the history of sin and crime from ancient Christianity to the present, focusing on the rise of sexual delicts. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH, HGVH, PSJH.

HIST 5421. Religion and the Renaissance World. (4 Credits)

Early modern societies around the globe defined themselves in relation to religious beliefs and exercises. This seminar will focus on the nature of "religion" itself in the eyes of early moderns, particularly Europeans, as well as on the faiths and rituals that defined and separated cultures and peoples. The seminar will concentrate primarily on the three dominant religions of the European world (Christianity, Islam, and Judaism). At the same time, we will be constantly aware of one significant and distinctive feature of early modernity: the frequently hostile and always bewildering encounter of different, even unknown, religions during the course of exploration, settlement, and conquest stretching from Rome to Jerusalem to Tenochtitlan to Beijing and back.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5422. 1521. (4 Credits)

In 1521, the world turned. Magellan’s fleet finished circling the globe, Luther was excommunicated, and Ignatius Loyola’s battle injuries turned him to pilgrimage and founding the Jesuits. And finally, Hernan Cortes and the Spanish conquered Tenochtitlan and the Triple Empire of the Aztecs, the most significant event of all. This graduate course will examine each of these world-defining events, but it will also explore the intersection and intersectionality of world-changing events to ponder the meaning and moment of globalization. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5423. Religion, Magic, and Science in the Late Medieval and Renaissance World. (4 Credits)

Medieval and Renaissance Europeans had a sophisticated, pre-modern understanding of the world and universe around them, from the canyons to the stars. This seminar explores the cosmos as seen from the perspective of Renaissance peoples, moving from the depths of inner earth to the heavens and exploring the creatures that dwelt there, from angels to demons, as well as the connections that bound them and the universe together. In this universe, religion, magic, and science coexisted uneasily and interacted constantly. A central topic will be the decay of this cosmos and its replacement by a universe more familiar to modern peoples. Readings will focus on primary texts and a combination of classic accounts and recent historiography. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: MVSG, MVST.

HIST 5424. Women in the History of Science and Technology. (4 Credits)

Natural knowledge and the manipulation of nature have often been gendered, but how, why, and by whom? This seminar will explore the multitude of ways that women have shaped and been shaped by these gendered visions of nature and the tools for controlling it. What forms of natural knowledge were deemed appropriate for women? Why were women understood to be particularly adept at specific technologies or handicrafts? How were spaces for scientific practice or technological production rendered hospitable or, more often, inhospitable for women? In what ways have systems of scientific authority limited or encouraged the participation of female researchers? How have science and technology been used to act on women's bodies? Are there specifically "womanly" ways of knowing? These and other questions will be explored through cases across a wide range of periods, disciplines, and geographies, allowing us not only to question the shifting place of women within the worlds of science and technology but also to question our assumptions about the place of science and technology within different societies. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

HIST 5456. 20th Century Catholic Cultural Revival. (4 Credits)

This is a course in late-modern European and American cultural and intellectual history. Late-19th-century positivism and historicism reduced the boundaries of the “real” to the visible and observable—i.e., to what we might call today (in light of Charles Taylor’s now-classic "A Secular Age" [2007]) an “immanent frame.” In response, Catholic philosophers, novelists, musicians, and artists constructed their own world which took them, in the words of the philosopher Gabriel Marcel, beyond “morality into metaphysics.” In France, this Catholic revival—frequently referred to in English as either the “intellectual” or “literary” revival—was known as the "renouveau catholique": the Catholic renovation or renewal. It had its parallel in Great Britain and migrated to the United States, especially after the Second World War’s end in 1945. This course’s working thesis is that certain Catholic artists and thinkers evolved a “sacramental modernism” in response to their experience of the late-19th and early-20th centuries. On the one hand, this suggests a universality in Catholic imaginations that transcends historical epochs: namely, a “sacramentality” or belief in a God at once transcendent yet deeply immanent. On the other hand, this universality was uniquely instantiated in highly-particular late-modern contexts. Most notably, the concept of divine “immanence” was confronted by two World Wars, fascism, communism, the Great Depression, the Holocaust, and the possibility of global atomic annihilation throughout the Cold War (1945-1989). As a result, the Catholic intellectual revival throughout the 20th century produced paradoxical “sacramental” representations: of a “mystery” that is often dark to the point of grotesquery; yet which, at the same time, is capable of tethering tenuous human history to some kind of enduring significance. This course will sample some of those representations of mystery. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH, HGOH, PSIC.

HIST 5457. 20th-Century Jesuit Moderns: An Intellectual History. (4 Credits)

The Society of Jesus (Jesuit Order), founded in the mid-16th century and inspired by Renaissance Christian humanism, was marked by a vision of reconciliation: grace and nature, God and the world, Christ and culture. The society was suppressed in 1773, led by numerous complicated factors; when it was restored in 1814, the world had been changed by the French Revolution, Napoleon, and a new function for "religion" within an otherwise "secular" nation-state. From 1815 to 1965, the restored society was largely marked by intransigent opposition between the Catholic Church and modernity (e.g., democratic government, liberties of conscience and religion, evolutionary science, and critical method). This course will overview Jesuits who attempted to negotiate this dilemma: representing, on one hand, a 19th- to 20th-century church bitterly opposed to modernity and, on the other hand, members of a religious order originally founded based on a 16th-century humanistic vision of reconciliation. Potential figures for consideration include Gerard Manley Hopkins, George Tyrrell, Henri Bremond, Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, Alfred Delp, Karl Rahner, Henri de Lubac, Yves de Montcheuil, John Courtney Murray, Walter J. Ong, Daniel Berrigan, William Lynch, Michel de Certeau, John W. O’Malley, Jacques Dupuis, Jon Sobrino, and Roger Haight. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH, HGOH, PSIC.

HIST 5460. Jesuits and Globalization. (4 Credits)

This course examines the history and development of the Society of Jesus in global context, and as an agent of globalization, from its founding in the mid-16th century to the early 21st century and the era of a Jesuit and Latin American pope. Emphasis will be placed on how Jesuits promoted some types of globalization and were critics of others, and how they may have both effected change and been changed in their interacting with diverse peoples and cultures. The course will include reading and discussion of primary sources as well as recent scholarly work on these topics. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, PSNM, RSCS, THHC.

HIST 5472. Inventing Total War. (4 Credits)

The course will explore the development of total war in the 20th century, with particular emphasis on Germany. The dissolution of legal limits on violence and compulsion on the battlefield and at home will be examined.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5506. European Nationalisms and Early Modern (Jewish) History. (4 Credits)

Modern historiography, including Jewish historiography, and history as an academic discipline are products of modern national movements. The narratives they produced provided tools for shaping national and ethnic identities in the modern era, and had long lasting ramifications not only for the study of history but also for the inclusion or exclusion of specific groups in modern European societies. This course will explore how the writing of history has been linked to the larger questions of national identity, and nationalism, and to questions of political inclusion and exclusions. We will read the early Jewish historians from Germany, Poland, and Palestine/Israel and explore how their visions of premodern Jewish history were shaped by larger questions that were also occupying other European historians and intellectuals. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGMH, JWST, PSJH.

HIST 5516. Nationalisms and Racisms in Modern Europe. (4 Credits)

The seminar will focus on the history and historiography on the construction of "race" and nation in modern Europe (from the Enlightenment onwards) and in particular on the multiple connections and intersections between nationalism(s) and racism(s). As issues of cultural identity and questions of immigration and national belonging have become hotly contested in today's European societies, the historiography on these subjects has been steadily growing. We will discuss different historical approaches, theories, and methodologies that emerge from the growing body of works addressing these issues and pay particular attention to socio-cultural histories and to transnational and comparative perspectives. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGMH, PSRR.

HIST 5517. Fascism. (4 Credits)

Fascism has been described as the “major political innovation of the twentieth century,” and its fortunes are apparently—and unfortunately—not over. The main goal of this course is to offer a “orientation map” in the vast historiography on fascism, by focusing on several key issues and themes. The primary focus of the course will be on Italy, where the movement with this name was first born and took power. However, for comparative purposes and to take into consideration the transnational turn in the historiography, we will also examine some aspects of the German variant of fascism and the influence that Italian fascism exercised abroad, especially in the Americas, where it found admirers and followers. By examining and evaluating conflicting historical interpretations and approaches, we will consider what distinguished fascism from other types of authoritarian movements and regimes and what characterized fascism’s peculiar ideological makeup and “style” of rule, while paying attention to the interaction between fascism and other right-wing ideologies and regimes. Topics will include the ideological components of fascism and its emotional makeup, the use of violence and the manufacturing of consent, the cult of the leader, gender politics, fascist racism and the Shoah, collaboration and resistance, legacies and memories in post-World War II Europe, and the appeal of right-wing populism and authoritarianism in the crisis of contemporary democracies.

Attributes: HGMH, PSJH.

HIST 5520. European Mass Culture. (4 Credits)

Examines cultural development in Europe in the 19th and 20th century with special reference to mass cultural characteristics, role of technology, and political content.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5553. Book History: Texts, Media and Communication. (4 Credits)

This course builds on the concepts developed in book history to explore the history of media and communication in general, as well as textual scholarship. Topics range across time periods and continents, with particular focus on the medieval and early modern transitions, as well as on more recent “media revolutions.” The course will introduce graduate students to key works, concepts, and methodologies that analyze how communication media of all sorts (from manuscripts to printed books, newspapers, and images, and from songs and rumors to audiovisual and digital media) have been a driving force in history, and understand how they have shaped all historical research. We will study texts and methods drawn from a wide variety of historical fields, as well as from sociology, anthropology, philosophy, literary criticism, art history, bibliography, and media studies, all of which provide historians with powerful insights and indispensable tools and skills. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGMH, HIEH, HIUL.

HIST 5560. History of Modern Science in Global Context. (4 Credits)

Science is often understood as a hallmark of both modernity and "Western" culture, but neither its methods nor its contents make sense without a more expansive approach to both time and place. By examining both the changing form and production of natural knowledge and the shifting uses and meanings of "science" as a category, this course will problematize conventional understandings of modernity, objectivity, and progress and raise challenging questions about historical approaches to period, geography, causation, and exchange.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5563. Readings in Environmental History. (4 Credits)

This course presents some of the best recent scholarship in North American environmental history, as well several of the field's founding texts, together spanning the human history of North America, from Indigenous settlement to the 21st century. Students will write two historiographical essays on aspects of the readings and participate vigorously in discussion.

Attributes: ENST, ESEL, ESHC, HGMH, PSEV.

HIST 5566. Technology and Empire. (4 Credits)

In this graduate seminar, we will explore the mutually constitutive relationship between the history of colonialism and the history of modern science. As a course about European colonial expansion from the 15th century on, we will focus specifically on the ways in which emerging scientific disciplines in the early modern era (such as botany and zoology) as well as technological instruments (such as guns and slave ships) fundamentally shaped European encounters with the Indigenous peoples of Asia, Africa, and the Americas. In turn, we will explore how those encounters deeply impacted the content of European science, technology, and medicine. Through the course, we will read a range of scholars, such as Bernard Cohn, Michel Foucault, Hannah Arendt, John Stuart Mill, Dipesh Chakrabarty, and many others to help us deepen our understanding of how colonial science, medicine, and technology were important sites for producing European self-conceptions while also enabling, justifying, and furthering the epistemic and physical violence of colonialism. The course is organized around a number of units focused on: “tools of empire,” technological systems, categories of knowledge, race, gender, bodies, medicine, and Indigenous knowledge systems. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5568. Stalinism: Life and Death in Soviet Russia. (4 Credits)

Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5574. U.S. Foreign Relations. (4 Credits)

This graduate reading course covers the history and historiography of U.S. foreign relations from 1898 to the present. Topics include Open Dorr imperialism, the First and Second World Wars, the Cold War, decolonization, the Vietnam War, and the War on Terror. Students will situate the United States, its domestic cultures, and its foreign policies to different regions, in a global perspective. In addition, students will study the economic, social, intellectual, political, and moral bases of U.S. foreign relations. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5575. The United States and the World in the Twentieth Century. (4 Credits)

This course examines U.S. foreign relations over the course of the twentieth century, with an emphasis on the myriad ways in which peoples, cultures, economies, national governments, non-state organizations, and international institutions interact. Key themes include American foreign policy, capitalism and economic policy, cultural relations, domestic politics, and perceptions of the world. The course will proceed chronologically and will examine major moments and trends: modern warfare, the Great Depression, the origins and trajectory of the Cold War, the nuclear arms race, decolonization and U.S.-Third World relations, the Vietnam War, and America’s wars in the Middle East. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5576. U.S. Foreign Relations after World War II. (4 Credits)

After 1945, American power reached a pinnacle in political, economic, and cultural terms. This reading seminar examines the important questions about American power with a focus on how challenges at home and abroad shaped the nation and its global role. What were the main drivers and consequences of American expansion? What were its limits? The course will analyze cutting edge and classic histories of the Cold War, decolonization, the Vietnam Wars, domestic culture and politics, and U.S. relations with Latin America and the Middle East. Topics include intellectual history, national security, American culture overseas, human rights, modernization and development, military power, immigration, and the American Empire. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

HIST 5601. Global Environmental History. (4 Credits)

History has long been a predominantly anthropocentric discipline in which non-human agents and processes have merely stood in the backdrop of human-driven narratives. This course asks: How do we see the essential features of early modern and modern history differently when we look at them through the lens of environmental history? Through both philosophical texts and historical analyses of various world regions, we consider some of the defining projects and movements of the 16th to 20th centuries—colonialism, nationalism, capitalism, and anti-capitalism—from a view in which non-human nature stands in the foreground, not the background. Possible topics range from plantation slavery in the early-modern Caribbean to hydrology in French Indochina to animal agriculture in the Soviet bloc. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

HIST 5644. Writing Early America: Historians Who Have Shaped the Discipline. (4 Credits)

This course wil linclude the most significant works in early American history and culture written during the last fifty years. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5645. Readings in Early America and the Atlantic World. (4 Credits)

This graduate readings course will provide students with an introduction to the historiography of early America from contact through the era of revolutions. Major themes include the contesting and connecting of geographical areas across the continent, the everyday experiences of work across lines of race, class, and gender, and the rise and fall of continental and Atlantic empires. + Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5650. Approaches to Global, Transnational, & Intellectual Histories. (4 Credits)

This course is intended to introduce students to the approaches, methods, theories, and critiques of writing global, transnational, and intellectual histories. We will cover broad geographic areas and a spectrum of writings and debates, spanning from Africa, Asia, and Europe to North and Central America. On the temporal front, most of the texts cover events post-1800. The course is not intended to be comprehensive. We simply aim to introduce students to the vital debates that have taken place among historians and between history and other disciplines. The course should serve to point students in the direction of further reading and study and to also introduce them to some of the works and ideas of the Fordham history department.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH, HIUL, INST, ISIN.

HIST 5700. Law, Gender, and History. (4 Credits)

This is an interdisciplinary seminar examining controversies about sex, gender, and sexuality in the family, the workplace, education, and constitutional law from 1970 to the present. Cross-listed with the Fordham School of Law, the course is an opportunity for students to connect law and history and develop an understanding of legal history. Those with interests in earlier periods will be able to complete papers and research projects that address these issues prior to 1970. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

HIST 5725. History of American Cities. (4 Credits)

Readings in US urban history. Topics that may be covered include the growth and development of American cities, their people and diverse communities, urban politics, the urban crisis of the late twentieth century, ideas about what makes for a good city, and the economic, cultural, political, and social role of cities. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5727. History and Fiction in the American West. (4 Credits)

This course uses history and literature to study the moving western frontier in the United States. Readings explore its early origins in the 17th and 18th centuries but focus largely on its most iconic manifestations in the 19th century. The course examine race, gender, violence, and social order, among other topics.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5730. History of Capitalism. (4 Credits)

A graduate seminar, open to advanced undergraduates, that considers the historical narratives, major thinker, and controversies between seventeenth and twenty-first centuries having to with capitalism as an economic system and a set of social relations. Works by Thomas Robert Malthus, Adam Smith, Karl Marx, Karl Polanyi, Fernand Braudel, among others. Students will produce two essays, one comparing Smith and Marx, and other on a historical topic. Class meetings will emphasize student argument and vigorous conversation and will include a weekly lecture by the instructor. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5731. History of Wealth & Poverty: U.S. and Comparative. (4 Credits)

Americans have long debated the meaning of wealth and poverty, questioning whether such conditions are natural (and acceptable), or the product of exploitative practices, corruption, or biased governmental policy (and potentially alterable). Over time they have questioned the relationships among economic inequality, free markets, democracy, thriving families and communities, social disparities, and the welfare state. We will explore these and other questions focusing on the U.S. since 1865 but with substantial comparisons to Europe, Africa, and Latin America. The class takes an intersectional perspective that brings questions of race and gender, as well as social class, to bear on the topic. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH, PMMA, PSJH.

HIST 5733. The Country and the City in American History. (4 Credits)

This course explores the history of the country and the city as natural environments and symbolic landscapes through the works of historians, artists, and poets. It covers the period from the Revolution through the twentieth century, with special attention to the nineteenth century. Topics include Appalachia, slavery, and sharecropping; Lewis Mumford and Jane Jacobs; romantic landscape painting and Central Park. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5734. U.S. Culture and Society to 1877. (4 Credits)

This course examines American culture and society through important scholarly works in the field. It is designed to provide an introduction to major historical debates and the methodological approaches for beginning graduate students as well as prepare doctoral students for their comprehensive exams in American history. Topics to be covered my include the role of social institutions and the significance of class, gender, culture and race, particularly in connection to colonial life, the revolutionary period, the early republic, the Civil War, and Reconstruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5750. Ethnicity, Race, and Politics in NYC. (4 Credits)

This course is a historical examination of politics in New York City, with a particular focus on its relationship to immigration, ethnicity, and race in the 19th and 20th centuries, but especially since Consolidation in 1898. Readings will include some of the best books on New York politics, including classic and important recent work. Topics include Tammany Hall and the ethnic style of machine politics; immigrant radicalism; how foreign affairs have affected local politics; ethnic conflict in the political arena; the fight for racial equality; quests for ethnic inclusion; “white backlash”; and ethnically inflected attempts to deal with perennial issues such as affordable decent housing. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HIUL, URSG.

HIST 5904. Slavery and Freedom in Early America and the Atlantic World. (4 Credits)

This graduate reading seminar compares and contrasts the development of systems of slavery as well as contests for freedom in the early modern Americas and the antebellum U.S. Topics for consideration include the rise and fall of the Atlantic and domestic slave trades, colonization and the development of the Atlantic plantation complex, maroon wars, struggles over time, territory, status, and cultural practice within slavery, the organizing strategies of the enslaved, and competing visions for the future. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5910. Law and Empire in the Iberian World. (4 Credits)

Law and Empire in the Iberian World explores the centrality of legal practices in the expansion of the Iberian Empire, a legal culture which produced the world's largest trove of archival documents. Topics will include the legal cultures in early modern Spain and the Americas; the debate over just wasr and the legality of conquest; how indigenous peoples were legally incorporated into Spanish crown, and how they used law to their advantage (including establishing legally found towns, litigation with the Spanish court system, use of wills and other legal documents); legal questions of honor and ethnicity as related to marriage and office holdings; the legal relationship between the American Viceroyalties and the crown of Castile; and place of role of law and litigation in creating civil society. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5913. Golden Age Spain and Its American Empire. (4 Credits)

The Spanish empire was without question the first of Europe’s globalized empires and the first modern archival state. But even the citizens of Latin American nations came to regard “modernity” as something that needed to be imported from France, England, and the United States. Their understanding and ours of the (un)importance of the Spanish colonial project for the modern world was certainly shaped by Spain’s eclipse by England and the creation of an anti-Spanish and anti-Catholic rise of the West narrative in the American academy. The recent scholarship we will examine rethinks Spain’s role in world history to challenge this "Black Legend" perspective and poses questions such as: Can Spain be considered at the center rather than the periphery of modernity? Is Spanish neo-scholasticism the source of the concept of popular sovereignty? Is the modern nation-state the child of the Spanish American colonies rather than of northern Europe? Students in the course will examine primary historical sources, literature, and artworks, and survey the development of historical scholarship both by Spaniards and their enemies. The course begins with the completion of the Spanish Reconquista (the defeat of Muslim Granada by the Catholic Kings) and the formation of the hybrid sociocultural order at the end of the 15th century and concludes with the collapse of Spain’s mainland American empire and the rise of nation-states there in the 1820s. Themes of special focus across this time period include the centrality of Spain in the Islamic-mediated recuperation of classical knowledge known as the Renaissance; the importance of urban life for Spain and its empire; the rise of the inquisition and the promotion of the homogenous Spanish national subject; the colonial merger of ethnicity with distinctions of social estate; the relationship between political theory and large-scale events and the practices of everyday life embodied in concepts of gender, sexuality, honor, popular religiosity, death and the afterlife. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH, LALS.

HIST 5918. After Colonialism: Latin America. (4 Credits)

This course focuses onthe 19th and 20th centuries. The course is designed to provide an introduction to major historical debates and methodological approaches for beginning graduate students as well as prepare doctoral students for their comprehensive exams in Latin American History. Readings include primary sources in translation as well as key studies of the era. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5919. United States and Latin American Borderlands. (4 Credits)

This course explores the concept of the borderlands in United States and Latin America history. It uses various categories of analysis, such as race, gender, and hegemony, to discuss the interaction among groups of people as they meet along political and geographic borders. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5921. Social Movements in Global Perspective. (4 Credits)

This course examines social movements in the twentieth century. It focuses on events in Latin American, Europe, and the United States, among other regions. It allows students to assess the advantages and limitations using a global approach to historical analysis. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, PSJH.

HIST 5923. Atlantic World: Empires, Diasporas, and Migrations. (4 Credits)

Introduces students to themes and methods of Atlantic World History, 16-20th centuries. Possible themes include: The making of Iberian, English and French Empires; Indigenous, African, and European encounters; Atlantic Legal Cultures; the Slave Trade; Slavery, and Emancipation; the African Diaspora; Religion; Gender and Sexuality; Race relations; Migration. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH, PSJH.

HIST 5924. Latin American History and Culture. (3 Credits)

This course provides a general survey of Latin American history and culture from the pre-colonial period to the present. It introduces graduate students to major topics, such as conquest and colonization, colonial institutions, racial and gender practices, slavery and Indian labor, the development of regional and national identities, independence movements, nation building and the rise of caudillos, foreign interventions, twentieth-century revolutions and social and political movements, among others.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 5925. Global Migrations. (3 Credits)

This course uses a global approach to examine major migratory movements since the 15th century, particularly since the mid-19th century. It analyzes factors that caused such emigrations and the conditions that led specific groups to certain geographic areas. It also studies the experiences of migratory groups as they arrived and adapted to their new homelands. It includes migrations from several areas of the world, primarily, but not exclusively, involving Europe and the United States.

Attribute: HGGH.

HIST 5926. The U.S. and Latin America. (4 Credits)

This course examines the relationship between the United States and Latin America from the 19th century to the present. Areas of interest include foreign policy, economic interests, domestic politics, social movements, and immigration, among others. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 5950. Histories of Nationalism in Comparative Perspective. (4 Credits)

This course examines various forms of nationalism in different regional and historical settings to analyze a wide range of challenges to nationalism. We will discuss case studies, beyond Europe, dealing with different regions that include Africa, the Middle East, Latin America, and Asia. This course takes a comparative approach that combines different perspectives on how nations are understood and how they come into being, and what factors stand behind the concept of nation. The course will show how the root causes of the rise of nationalist movements in Europe were different from those in Africa, Asia, or Latin America. Students will learn comparative insights centered around two major aspects of the histories of nationalism, which include the public use of the history and its misinterpretation for contemporary political purposes and the role of political and religious elites in shaping imagined communities. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

HIST 5952. Research Seminar: African American Urban History. (4 Credits)

This course will expose students to classic works in African American history and then given them an opportunity to conduct archival research in this subject area, concentrating on the oral history database and archival collections of the Bronx African American History Project, or other collections which give students opportunities to explore Black urban life in depth. The goal of the course is to promote cutting-edge research among Fordham graduate students and upper-level undergraduates looking at subjects ranging from migration and immigration, popular culture, religion and spirituality, and political movements to contemporary issues like the Black Lives Matter movement and the attack on critical race theory. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: AFAM, THEO.

HIST 5961. The Age of Suleyman 1453-1574. (4 Credits)

The course aims to introduce the students to various aspects of social, political, cultural and intellectual history of the Ottoman Empire in the late 15th and 16th centuries. By focusing on the multifaceted and multidirectional nature of interaction across political, religious, cultural and linguistic boundaries between the Islamic and Christian worlds in late medieval and early modern period, the course will delineate the Ottoman state and empire formation within the theoretical and historiographical framework of the early modern Mediterranean. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGMH, HGVH.

HIST 6076. Noble Culture and Society. (4 Credits)

Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 6077. The Angevin Empire. (4 Credits)

From the Middle of the twelfth until the first quarter of the thirteenth centuries, one dynasty, the house of Anjou, were the effective rulers of an enormous agglomeration of kingdoms and principalities which stretched from the North Sea to the Mediterranean and encompassed England, large parts of Ireland, Wales, and nearly half of the territory which today constitutes modern France. Following a wave of renewed scholarly interest in the politics and culture of this period, this class will explore this short-lived but powerful empire, its lands, peoples and rulers. Together we will explore the lives of dynamic individuals within the Angevin court; Angevin court culture, the governance of a medieval "empire"; dynastic politics and diplomacy; the Third Crusade; and England and France after the loss of Normandy. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGVH, MVSG, MVST.

HIST 6078. The Crusader States: The Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099-1291. (4 Credits)

This course charts the social, political, and cultural history of the feudal principalities that were established by Latin Christians in the Eastern Mediterranean in the wake of the First Crusade. Students will be introduced to the narrative and documentary sources through which the history of the Latin Kingdom has been constructed, as well as the archaeology and art of the Levant during the period of Frankish occupation and settlement. In addition, we will engage with the major historiographical debates concerning the constitutional organization of the Latin kingdom, the relationship between the Frankish crusaders and Muslim and eastern Christian populations over whom they ruled, and the "colonial" character of the Latin settlements. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 6133. Medieval Religious Institutions. (4 Credits)

Today, the Catholic Church appears to as a hierarchical entity united under the supreme leadership of the pope. This is in contrast with the situation in the Middle Ages, when people made careful distintions between monks, nuns, canons, secular priests, minor and major orders, cardinals, lay brothers and sisters, and a multitude of other clerics. Committed to their respective ranks and vocations, churchmen and churchwomen often found themselves competing with one another. In so doing, they were less likely to submit to papal authority than to enlist it for their own purposes. The seminar will examine these groups, their institutional identities, and typical conflicts of interest. The institutions of the medieval church-male and femal monasteries, cathedral chapters, parishes, religious orders, dioceses, the papacy and other bodies-maintianed their own two identities and pursued their own ends. The church they formed was not monolithic: medieval religious institutions were often in competition with one another for reasons both secular and religious; and, unlike modern church, religious institutions played a role in government and were the sole providers of many social services. Through consideration of medieval sources and modern sutdies, the course will examine the institutions that formed the medieval church, their histories, identities and members, their conflicts, and their relations to society. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 6135. Early Medieval Conflict & Peacemaking. (4 Credits)

In the Early Middle Ages of the West (500–1050), judges presiding over courts in the modern sense of the word did not exist. Written laws were not implemented unilaterally from above, and the facts of a case were investigated not as much as a painstaking reconstruction of alleged misconduct, but rather by way of collective oaths and duels. Another form of proof was the hot-iron ordeal, in which defendants placed their hand in a pot of boiling water to have guilt or innocence determined by the healing process. The course will provide a forum for the reading and discussing of recent historiography on the subject and explore the question of what made these forms of conflict peaceful resolutions “rational” and reasonable in the eyes of early medieval contemporaries. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGVH.

HIST 6136. Disease in the Middle Ages. (4 Credits)

The course will explore disease in the West from about 500 to 1500, including sudden epidemics like the Black Death, endemic illnesses such as leprosy, and the rise of literate university medicine alongside the academic laggards of surgery and midwifery. Particularly attention will be paid to issues that highlight the close nexus between medical and social practices. What accounted for the medieval rise of many enduring institutions in the health sector, for example, faculties of medicine and university-trained health practioners with the lucrative title of "doctor"? What rendered medical know-how 'scientific' at the time and gave it its strong public appeal? What is the relationship between modern "empirical" medicine and its older "scholastic" counterpart?.

Attributes: HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 6152. Medieval Women and Family. (4 Credits)

Studies in the social, economic and religious roles of women and the organization of the family in European society from the early to the later Middle Ages. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 6153. Medieval Economy and Society. (4 Credits)

This course focuses on the major economic trends of the period from the Germanic invasions through the 'agricultural depression' on the 15th century. We will also consider the social impact of changes in seigneurial and peasant agriculture, the 'commercial revolution,' the rise of the textile industry, the Great Famine, the Black Death, and the Hundred Years War. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 6155. Medieval Towns: Urbanization and Urban Life in Medieval Europe. (4 Credits)

This course surveys the historiography of European towns from c. 700 to c. 1500. Subjects covered will include the growth of urban centers/urbanization, towns as commercial and artisanal centers, space and the urban environment, the development of municipal governments, guilds and artisanal labor, the structures of urban society, social inequality, the urban family, and social conflict. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGVH.

HIST 6172. Late Medieval and Early Modern Ireland. (4 Credits)

This course will examine the history of Ireland from the height of the so-called Gaelic Revival in the mid-14th century to the violent collapse of Gaelic rule and the completion of the Tudor conquest in the early 17th century. Beginning in the late medieval period with an exploration between English and Gaelic worlds, the class will then chart the portracted incorporation of Ireland into a highly centralized early mondern English state under the Tudors. With emplasis placed on the latest scholarly .

Attribute: HGVH.

HIST 6173. The Tudor Conquest of Ireland. (4 Credits)

This course explores how conquest became the dominant historical and conceptual framework used by historians to assess the Tudor period in Ireland. The course is designed to complicate and question this framework by showing how the Tudor kings and queens in fact resisted conquest and how Tudor conquest nevertheless came to be presented in Irish historiography as a link in a chain of English conquests of Ireland stretching from the 12th century until the Great Famine in the 1840s.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6256. Torture and Western Culture. (4 Credits)

This course examines a very difficult subject that sheds an unsettling light on the history of Europe and the United States. Torture in the twenty-first century world is ubiquitous, and the very public controversy surrounding American practices is only shocking to those who do not pay attention to the world. Our goal in this seminar is to examine the history of torture in its European-American context and to determine just where current practices fit into that history. We will also ponter whether torture is a practice that can (and should) be eradicated, or whether we must adjust to the presence of torture as a permanent feature of the world and American landscape. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: CEED, CETH, HGVH, PSJH.

HIST 6305. The English Reformation. (4 Credits)

Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6310. Early Modern European Intellectual and Political History. (4 Credits)

This course will consider the development of early modern Europe thought and politics from the 16th through the 18th centuries. Coverage may include the intellectual and political implications of the Renaissance and the Reformation, the rise of the early modern state and its expansion, popular revolts, Scientific Revolution, political theory, absolutism, republicanism, war and empire, the Enlightenment and the French Revolution. The course is designed to provide an introduction to major historical debates and methodological approaches for beginning graduate students as well as prepare doctoral students for their comprehensive exams in Early Modern European History. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6315. Early Modern European Society and Cultural History. (4 Credits)

This course will consider the development of early modern European society and culture from the 16th through the 18th centuries. Coverage may include the social and cultural implications of the Renaissance and the Reformation, the divergence of popular and elite culture, the social dimensions of expanding population and trade, print and literacy, the economics foundations of social change, popular revolts, the impact of empire on society and culture, the Englightenment and the French Revolution. The course is designed to provide an introduction to major historical debates and methodological approaches for beginning graduate students as well as prepare doctoral students for their comprehensive exams in Early Modern European History. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6355. Late European Political and Intellectual History. (4 Credits)

This course will explore central themes in the development of European political and intellectual life during the 19th and 20th centuries. At the discretion of the instructor students would be expected to explore topics including but not limited to liberalism, conservatism, romanticism, nationalism, modernism, counter-enlightenment, fascism, socialism, Western Marxism, memory, gender, constructions of sexuality, colonialist and racial ideologies, consumerism, and the late-twentieth century counter-cultures. The goal of the course would be to ensure students a reasonable command of the issues associated with the selected items. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6360. Late European Social and Cultural History. (4 Credits)

This course will explore central themes in the development of European social and cultural life during the 19th and 20th centuries. At the discretion of the instructor, students would be expected to explore topics including but not limited to liberalism, conservation, romanticism, nationalism, modernism, counter-enlightenment, fascism, socialism, Western Marxism, memory, gender, constructions of sexuality, colonalist and racial ideologies, consumerism, and the late-20th century counter-cultures. The goal of the course would be to ensure students a reasonable command of the issues associated with the selected themes. Instructors are expected to ensure a representative distribution of themes across time periods. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6502. The Old Regime and the French Revolution. (4 Credits)

This course will explore the history of France between 1715 and 1815, as the country moved from the apex of absolutism through the Age of Enlightenment and into the first great democratic revolution in 1789 (followed by the first successful slave revolution in Haiti) before its descent into war, civil war, and terror, followed by its authoritarian stabilization and expansion throughout Europe under Napoleon. The topics and themes covered in this class have been central to the histories of all European countries and beyond from the 18th century onward. They include the role of women in society, social class, and political representation; the creation of the modern state, constitutional democracy, and authoritarianism; colonization, race, and slavery; what causes revolutions and how to stabilize them; total war, etc. The period has been a laboratory for historians. We will read works by some of the great interpreters of the period, from Tocqueville and Edmund Burke to Marx and Furet, and from scholars representing the most important schools of historical thought. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6520. Europe in Global Perspective. (4 Credits)

This course will offer perspectives on 19th- and 20th-century Europe in light of imperialism/colonialism, trade and commerce, transnational and global networks of migration, exchange, and ideas. The course will also focus on sociocultural and socioeconomic influences between Europe and the wider world. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH.

HIST 6530. European City: 1700-2000. (4 Credits)

Upper level study of European urban history, concentrating on theoretical and interpretive approaches to the study of the city and urban life. Methods or research, evidence, and analysis form basis of seminar discussions and student research. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6531. Bombay–Shanghai–London. (4 Credits)

This course surveys the history and connecting links between Bombay–Shanghai–London in the 19th and 20th centuries. It concentrates on the exchange and movement of people, goods, culture, and information within the context of empire, and considers the coexistence of local and global influences and the uneasy balance with cosmopolitanism. The course places emphasis on economic culture, material culture, and built environment. It is suitable for students in urban history, global history, European history, Chinese history, and Indian history. Weekly readings and research papers are required.

Attributes: HGGH, URSG.

HIST 6540. Global Urban History. (4 Credits)

In this course, which covers the early modern and modern eras, students focus on urban history from global perspective, investigating the processes of urbanization, comparative urban and regional development, and urban theory as applied to urban history. Students are required to complete a research paper.

Attribute: URST.

HIST 6662. Sexuality in America. (4 Credits)

Readings in the literature of the history of sexuality in American from the Colonial Era to the end of the 20th century. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6710. The Civil War. (4 Credits)

Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6721. U.S. Culture and Society since 1877. (4 Credits)

An exploration of American culture and society through important scholarly works in the field. The course is designed to provide an introduction to major hisorical debates and the methodological approaches for beginning graduate students as well as prepare doctoral students for their comprehensive exams in American history. Topics to be covered may include the role of social instituitinos and the significance of class, gender, culture, and race, particularly in connection to colonial life, the the revolutionary period, the early republic, the Civil War, and Reconstruction. Instructors are expected to ensure a representative distribution of themes across time periods. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6724. U.S. Thought and Politics to 1877. (4 Credits)

This course offers an exploration of American intellectual and political history through important scholarly works in the field. The course is designed to provide an introduction to major historical debates and the methodological approaches for beginning graduate students as well as prepare doctoral students for their comprehensive exams in American history. Topics to be covered may include the formation of American ideology, political movements, and the contributions of major ideological and intellectual figures, particularly in connection with the rise of the U.S. as an economic and military power, the Progressive Era, the world wars, the Great Depression, the Cold War, and the civil rights movement. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6725. U.S. Thought and Politics since 1877. (4 Credits)

An expolration of American intellectual and political history through important scholarly works in the field. The course is designed to provide an introduction to major historical debates and the methodolgical approaches for beginning graduate students for their comprehensive exams in American history. Topics to be covered may include the formation of American ideology, political movements, and the contributions of major ideological and intellectual figures, particularly in connection to the rise of the U.S. as an economic and military power, the Progressive era, the world wars, the Great Depression, the Cold War, the civil rights movement. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 6726. The United States and Human Rights: An International History. (4 Credits)

This course examines the history of human rights during the American Century. Emphasizing analysis rather than advocacy, it examines the legal and moral origins of human rights, its political structures, and the international culture of humanitarianism. Through a series of case studies of human rights organizations and U.S. diplomacy toward individual states, the course will help students understand the trajectory of human rights in the 20th century. Students will undertake independent research on an issue, location, and period of their choosing. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGGH, HGMH, HUHR, HUST, PSJH.

HIST 6731. U.S. Immigration and Ethnicity. (4 Credits)

This course will examine several important issues that have engaged the attention of historians of immigration and ethnicity. These include perennial concerns as the nature of the processes of settlement and Americanization, and the evolution of American views on citizenship and immigration policy. Also among the issues to be discussed are recent trends in thinking about the invention of racial identities and about ethnic diasporas and "transnationalism." Finally, the course will cover several cases of the stresses of ethnic identity in wartime. Readings will include recent scholarly monographs and articles, as well as several examples of ethnic memoir literature. Note that the course is organized thematically, and that readings have therefore been chosen because they reflect on the themes under discussion. As a result, not all ethnic groups are covered adequately. Students will have a chance to deal with the ethnic groups of their choice in their independent work. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: CEED, CETH, HGGH, HGMH, PSJH.

HIST 6853. America Between the Wars. (4 Credits)

The course will focus upon political, economic and social events and trends in America during the era between the two World Wars of this century. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attribute: HGMH.

HIST 7024. Proseminar: Making Money in the Middle Ages. (4 Credits)

This is the first half of a two-semester proseminar/seminar course in which graduate students will formulate and produce original (article or M.A.-thesis length) research projects that touch on medieval social and economic history. Topics discussed may include coinage and money, commerce and trade, merchants and artisans, labor, credit, religious and cultural attitudes to usury and profit, wealth and poverty, social mobility, and overall economic development during the European middle ages. In this proseminar, we will read and discuss relevant works, while students work on formulating and laying the groundwork for their research projects. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGPS, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 7025. PSM: Medieval Religious Cultures. (4 Credits)

Debates in the study of medieval religious culture and approaches to its study will be examined through works on the cult of saints, popular religion, and liturgy and ritual. Issues presented in the current literature will be tested by the close reading of selected primary sources. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGPS, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 7026. Classics in the Middle Ages. (4 Credits)

This seminar deals primarily with the transmission and reception in western Europe of classical Greek and Latin texts written before 525 CE, with a focus on the Latin tradition. The overarching aim of the seminar is to highlight the achievement of the Latin Middle Ages in preserving the ancient classics and appropriating them for new uses in a Christian civilization. It treats the most influential authors in the medieval schools (Virgil, Horace, and Ovid), as well as the persistence of the most prominent genres of classical literature, including didactic poetry, drama, elegy, encyclopedic works, epic poetry, epigram, grammatical works, historical writings, legal works, literary criticism, lyric poetry, oratory, philosophical writings, prose fiction, and satire. Lastly, the seminar also considers centers of transmission, book collections, and the medieval commentary tradition. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGPS, HGVH, HIMH.

HIST 7056. PSM: Medieval Political Cultures. (4 Credits)

This course, the first part of a two-semester proseminar/seminar sequence will introduce students to recent debates and different approaches to cultures of power and political processes in western Europe in the central middle ages. Among the many toopics we might consider are lordship, status and authority, political assembly and consultation, courtliness and persuasion, rulership and sanctity, and the rise of accountability. Students will become familiar with a wide range of source material, from diplomatic and documentary collections to historical narratives and courtly literature. With this solid foundation in the current historiography and available research tools, students will be expected to identify a suitable topic for a sustained research project. Completing this project will be the objective of the seminar course to be offered in the Spring. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGPS, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 7070. PSM: Medieval Intellectual Cultures. (4 Credits)

This course takes a broad approach to medieval intellectual history, focusing not just on the texts and ideas that were central to medieval intellectual life but also on the cultural conditions that enabled scholarship and creativity to flourish. Beginning with the late antique absorption of classical learning, the seminar will over the course of two semesters examine a range of intellectual cultures spanning the western Middle Ages. A particular focus of the class will be the study of the liberal arts and the evolution of teaching practices. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGPS, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 7110. PSM: Church Law and Medieval Society. (4 Credits)

This course will consist of a two-semester proseminar/seminar sequence inviting graduate students to formulate and conduct original research projects in the field of medieval church law. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGPS, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 7150. PSM: Medieval England. (4 Credits)

This is the last half of a year-long course that focuses on the social, economic, and administrative history of England from the eleventh through fifteenth centuries. Special emphasis is placed upon 1) how to identify and exploit a wide variety of primary sources (such as wills, cartularies, court rolls, account rolls, chronicles, among others); 2) how to use major historical collecctions (such as Rolls Series, VCH, Record Commissioners, Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, the Ordnance Survey, Selden Society, and others); and 3) gaining an awareness of the regions and landscape of medieval England, as well as the contributions of historical geography. Besides treating thematic issues such as the church and society, law and legal system, the growth of government and administration, maritime trade and industry in town and country, the weekly discussions will also consider economy among the peasantry, townspeople, and the landowning elite. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGPS, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 8000. Research Colloquium. (1 Credit)

Required for M.A. and Ph.D. students in Modern and Global History and taken in conjunction with a 3-credit research tutorial, this colloquium attends to the professional and practical aspects of their research project and provides a forum for progress reports and feedback.

HIST 8024. Seminar: Making Money in the Middle Ages. (4 Credits)

This is the second half of a two-semester proseminar/seminar course, and is a continuation of HIST 7024. Students will primarily work on their individual original (article or M.A.-thesis length) research projects. Class time will primarily be devoted to discussing and overcoming research problems, and workshopping early findings. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGSM, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 8025. SEM: Medieval Religious Cultures. (4 Credits)

Participants will build on the reading and topics from HSGA7025 (Proseminar: Medieval Religious Cultures) to prepare research papers based on sources and debates in the study of medieval religious cultures. Weekly readings will be selected by the participants from materials for their papers; later in the semester, they will present drafts of their own papers, and prepare critiques of others. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGSM, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 8026. Classics in the Middle Ages. (4 Credits)

This seminar deals primarily with the transmission and reception in western Europe of classical Greek and Latin texts written before 525 CE, with a focus on the Latin tradition. The overarching aim of the seminar is to highlight the achievement of the Latin Middle Ages in preserving the ancient classics and appropriating them for new uses in a Christian civilization. It highlights the most influential authors in the medieval schools (Virgil, Horace, and Ovid), as well as the persistence of the most prominent genres of classical literature, including didactic poetry, drama, elegy, encyclopedic works, epic poetry, epigram, grammatical works, historical writings, legal works, literary criticism, lyric poetry, oratory, philosophical writings, prose fiction, and satire. Lastly, the seminar also considers centers of transmission, book collections, and the medieval commentary tradition. Note: Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Prerequisite: HIST 7026.

HIST 8056. SEM: Medieval Political Cultures. (4 Credits)

In the Spring semester, students will spend the semester working on research papers based on the topics identified in the Fall. At class meetings, students will have the opportunity to present their research and to read and critique each others' writing. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGSM, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 8070. SEM: Medieval Intellectual Cultures. (4 Credits)

Student continue to work on the project they defined in the Proseminar to this course. Classes convene intermittently to discuss progress on the ongoing research projects and for presentations on untranslated or little-known primary source (either recently made available or long forgotten) that deserve greater. Students complete the seminar by giving a 20-minute conference paper on their research project and on their research project and writing a thesis-length original research paper that could be published as a scholarly article. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGSM, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 8110. SEM: Church Law and Medieval Society. (4 Credits)

This course will consist of a two-semester proseminar/seminar sequence inviting graduate students to formulate and conduct original research projects in the field of medieval church law. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGSM, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 8150. SEM: Medieval England. (4 Credits)

Continuation of HSGA 7150. The first half of the course focuses on database analysis, writing skills, research methods, and public speaking. Students also work on a final research paper that was formulated in HSGA 7150. Four-credit courses that meet for 150 minutes per week require three additional hours of class preparation per week on the part of the student in lieu of an additional hour of formal instruction.

Attributes: HGSM, HGVH, MVSG.

HIST 8999. Independent Study. (0 to 4 Credits)

HIST 9999. Dissertation Direction. (1 Credit)